Top Nasturtium Varieties and Simple Tips for Garden Success

Nasturtium (Pixabay Image)

 

 

Nasturtiums (Tropaeolum majus) are beloved for their cheerful, vibrant blooms and their ability to thrive with minimal care. These hardy annuals are popular among gardeners for their bright colors, attractive leaves, and versatility in both flower beds and container gardens. In addition to their beauty, nasturtiums are known for their edible flowers and leaves, adding a peppery zest to salads and dishes. This article will explore the world of nasturtiums, offering gardening tips and information on popular varieties.

 

Overview of Nasturtiums

 

Nasturtiums are native to South America, specifically the Andes region, and were brought to Europe in the 16th century. Their unique funnel-shaped flowers and round, water lily-like leaves quickly made them a favorite among gardeners. Available in a variety of colors including shades of red, orange, yellow, and cream, nasturtiums offer an easy way to add a splash of color to gardens. Beyond their visual appeal, their ease of care and adaptability make them a favorite among beginners and experienced gardeners alike.

 

One of the most appealing aspects of nasturtiums is their dual-purpose nature. Not only do they provide a colorful display in the garden, but they also serve as edible plants. Both the flowers and leaves are edible, with a peppery, slightly spicy flavor similar to watercress. Gardeners can enjoy nasturtiums in salads, sandwiches, and as garnishes.

 

Gardening Tips for Growing Nasturtiums

 

Nasturtiums are relatively low-maintenance plants that can thrive in a variety of conditions. However, there are certain tips to follow to ensure healthy growth and an abundant display of blooms.

 

Choosing the Right Location

 

Nasturtiums prefer full sun, although they can tolerate light shade. Ideally, they should be planted in a location that receives at least 6-8 hours of sunlight each day. While they can survive in partially shaded areas, their blooms will be less prolific in those conditions. The more sun nasturtiums receive, the more vibrant their flowers will be.

 

Soil Conditions

 

Interestingly, nasturtiums thrive in poor to average soil. Unlike many plants that require rich, fertile soil, nasturtiums do best in soil that is not overly fertile. Soil that is too rich in nutrients, particularly nitrogen, will encourage leafy growth at the expense of flowers. A well-drained, sandy soil is ideal. Additionally, nasturtiums prefer slightly acidic to neutral pH levels, ranging between 6.1 and 7.5.

 

Watering Requirements

 

Nasturtiums are drought-tolerant once established and do not require frequent watering. It is best to water them deeply but infrequently, allowing the soil to dry out between waterings. Overwatering can lead to root rot, especially in containers. During dry spells, providing nasturtiums with a thorough watering once or twice a week should suffice.

 

Planting from Seed

 

Nasturtiums are one of the easiest plants to grow from seed, making them an ideal choice for beginner gardeners. The seeds are large and easy to handle, and they germinate quickly. Direct sowing is often the preferred method, as nasturtiums do not transplant well due to their delicate roots.

 

To plant nasturtium seeds, wait until the danger of frost has passed and the soil has warmed. Plant the seeds about 1/2 inch deep and 10-12 inches apart. Water the seeds thoroughly after planting, and keep the soil moist until the seeds germinate, which typically occurs within 7-10 days.

 

Encouraging Flower Production

 

To keep nasturtiums blooming throughout the growing season, deadhead spent flowers regularly. This practice not only keeps the plants looking tidy but also encourages them to produce more flowers. Additionally, avoid over-fertilizing nasturtiums. Fertilizers, especially those high in nitrogen, will promote leafy growth but can inhibit flower production. A light application of compost or a balanced, slow-release fertilizer at the time of planting is sufficient.

 

Pest Control

 

Nasturtiums are known for their ability to repel certain garden pests, such as aphids and squash bugs. In fact, many gardeners plant nasturtiums as companion plants to protect other vegetables and flowers from infestations. However, nasturtiums themselves can occasionally attract pests, including caterpillars and aphids. To manage these pests, use organic insecticidal soap or encourage beneficial insects, such as ladybugs, to the garden.

 

Popular Varieties of Nasturtiums

 

There are numerous varieties of nasturtiums, each with unique characteristics that make them stand out. Some varieties are more compact, making them perfect for containers, while others are trailing varieties, ideal for hanging baskets or growing along fences. Below are some of the most popular varieties of nasturtiums:

 

Empress of India

 

The ‘Empress of India’ is a classic variety known for its deep crimson-red flowers and dark green foliage. This compact variety reaches about 12-15 inches in height, making it a great choice for containers or the front of flower beds. The striking contrast between the rich red blooms and the dark foliage makes ‘Empress of India’ a favorite among gardeners seeking bold color.

 

Alaska

 

‘Alaska’ nasturtiums are notable for their variegated foliage, which features green leaves mottled with creamy white. This variety produces an array of vibrant flowers in shades of orange, red, and yellow. ‘Alaska’ is a compact, bushy variety that reaches about 10-12 inches in height. It is an excellent choice for adding a touch of color and interest to containers or small garden spaces.

 

Jewel Mix

 

The ‘Jewel Mix’ is a popular variety that offers a dazzling array of colors, including shades of yellow, orange, red, and cream. These semi-double flowers bloom throughout the summer, providing a continuous display of color. ‘Jewel Mix’ nasturtiums grow to about 12 inches tall and are ideal for garden borders and containers.

 

Trailing Nasturtium (Tropaeolum peregrinum)

 

Trailing nasturtiums, sometimes called Canary Creeper, are vigorous climbers that can reach lengths of up to 10 feet. This variety is perfect for growing along fences, trellises, or in hanging baskets. The trailing stems produce bright yellow, fringed flowers that resemble the wings of a canary, hence the name. Trailing nasturtiums are perfect for adding vertical interest to the garden.

 

Tip Top Mahogany

 

‘Tip Top Mahogany’ is a stunning variety with deep red, almost mahogany-colored flowers. This compact, mounding variety reaches about 12 inches in height and is ideal for garden beds and containers. The rich, velvety color of the flowers makes this variety stand out in any garden.

 

Black Velvet

 

For gardeners looking for something truly unique, ‘Black Velvet’ nasturtiums offer deep, almost black blooms with a velvety texture. This striking variety creates a dramatic contrast when paired with lighter-colored flowers. ‘Black Velvet’ nasturtiums grow to about 12-14 inches tall and are perfect for adding an element of sophistication to flower beds or containers.

 

Conclusion

 

Nasturtiums are an excellent choice for gardeners of all skill levels. Their bright blooms, easy-growing nature, and versatility make them a valuable addition to any garden. With minimal care and the right conditions, nasturtiums will reward gardeners with vibrant flowers throughout the growing season. Whether grown in flower beds, containers, or used as companion plants, nasturtiums are sure to bring color and life to any garden. Experiment with different varieties to find the perfect fit for your space and enjoy the beauty and flavor that nasturtiums have to offer.